Above: Marcus Clarke’s hat, State Library of Victoria Collection
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Link and source: For the Term of His Natural Life
by Marcus Clarke
DEDICATION
TO
SIR CHARLES GAVAN DUFFY
My Dear Sir Charles, I take leave to dedicate this work to you, not merely because your nineteen years of political and literary life in Australia render it very fitting that any work written by a resident in the colonies, and having to do with the history of past colonial days, should bear your name upon its dedicatory page; but because the publication of my book is due to your advice and encouragement.
The convict of fiction has been hitherto shown only at the beginning or at the end of his career. Either his exile has been the mysterious end to his misdeeds, or he has appeared upon the scene to claim interest by reason of an equally unintelligible love of crime acquired during his experience in a penal settlement. Charles Reade has drawn the interior of a house of correction in England, and Victor Hugo has shown how a French convict fares after the fulfilment of his sentence. But no writer–so far as I am aware–has attempted to depict the dismal condition of a felon during his term of transportation.
I have endeavoured in “His Natural Life” to set forth the working and the results of an English system of transportation carefully considered and carried out under official supervision; and to illustrate in the manner best calculated, as I think, to attract general attention, the inexpediency of again allowing offenders against the law to be herded together in places remote from the wholesome influence of public opinion, and to be submitted to a discipline which must necessarily depend for its just administration upon the personal character and temper of their gaolers.
Your critical faculty will doubtless find, in the construction and artistic working of this book, many faults. I do not think, however, that you will discover any exaggerations. Some of the events narrated are doubtless tragic and terrible; but I hold it needful to my purpose to record them, for they are events which have actually occurred, and which, if the blunders which produced them be repeated, must infallibly occur again. It is true that the British Government have ceased to deport the criminals of England, but the method of punishment, of which that deportation was a part, is still in existence. Port Blair is a Port Arthur filled with Indian-men instead of Englishmen; and, within the last year,France has established, at New Caledonia, a penal settlement which will, in the natural course of things, repeat in its annals the history of Macquarie Harbour and of Norfolk Island.
With this brief preface I beg you to accept this work.
I would that its merits were equal either to your kindness or to my regard.
I am,
My dear Sir Charles,
Faithfully yours,
MARCUS CLARKE
THE PUBLIC LIBRARY, MELBOURNE
CONTENTS
DEDICATION
PROLOGUE
BOOK I.–THE SEA. 1827.
I. THE PRISON SHIP
II. SARAH PURFOY
III. THE MONOTONY BREAKS
IV. THE HOSPITAL
V. THE BARRACOON
VI. THE FATE OF THE “HYDASPES”
VII. TYPHUS FEVER
VIII. A DANGEROUS CRISIS
IX. WOMAN’S WEAPONS
X. EIGHT BELLS
XI. DISCOVERIES AND CONFESSIONS
XII. A NEWSPAPER PARAGRAPH
BOOK II.–MACQUARIE HARBOUR. 1833.
I. THE TOPOGRAPHY OF VAN DIEMEN’S LAND
II. THE SOLITARY OF “HELL’S GATES”
III. A SOCIAL EVENING
IV. THE BOLTER
V. SYLVIA
VI. A LEAP IN THE DARK
VII. THE LAST OF MACQUARIE HARBOUR
VIII. THE POWER OF THE WILDERNESS
IX. THE SEIZURE OF THE “OSPREY”
X. JOHN REX’S REVENGE
XI. LEFT AT “HELL’S GATES”
XII. “MR.” DAWES
XIII. WHAT THE SEAWEED SUGGESTED
XIV. A WONDERFUL DAY’S WORK
XV. THE CORACLE
XVI. THE WRITING ON THE SAND
XVII. AT SEA
BOOK III.–PORT ARTHUR. 1838.
I. A LABOURER IN THE VINEYARD
II. SARAH PURFOY’S REQUEST
III. THE STORY OF TWO BIRDS OF PREY
IV. “THE NOTORIOUS DAWES”
V. MAURICE FRERE’S GOOD ANGEL
VI. MR. MEEKIN ADMINISTERS CONSOLATION
VII. RUFUS DAWES’S IDYLL
VIII. AN ESCAPE
IX. JOHN REX’S LETTER HOME
X. WHAT BECAME OF THE MUTINEERS OF THE “OSPREY”
XI. A RELIC OF MACQUARIE HARBOUR
XII. AT PORT ARTHUR
XIII. THE COMMANDANT’S BUTLER
XIV. MR. NORTH’S INDISPOSITION
XV. ONE HUNDRED LASHES
XVI. KICKING AGAINST THE PRICKS
XVII. CAPTAIN AND MRS. FRERE
XVIII. IN THE HOSPITAL
XIX. THE CONSOLATIONS OF RELIGION
XX. A NATURAL PENITENTIARY
XXI. A VISIT OF INSPECTION
XXII. GATHERING IN THE THREADS
XXIII RUNNING THE GAUNTLET
XXIV. IN THE NIGHT
XXV. THE FLIGHT
XXVI. THE WORK OF THE SEA
XXVII. THE VALLEY OF THE SHADOW OF DEATH
BOOK IV.–NORFOLK ISLAND. 1846.
I. EXTRACTED FROM THE DIARY OF THE REV. JAMES NORTH
II. THE LOST HEIR
III. EXTRACTED FROM THE DIARY OF THE REV. JAMES NORTH
IV. EXTRACTED FROM THE DIARY OF THE REV. JAMES NORTH
V. MR. RICHARD DEVINE SURPRISED
VI. IN WHICH THE CHAPLAIN IS TAKEN ILL
VII. BREAKING A MAN’S SPIRIT
VIII. EXTRACTED FROM THE DIARY OF THE REV. JAMES NORTH
IX. THE LONGEST STRAW
X. A MEETING
XI. EXTRACTED FROM THE DIARY OF THE REV. JAMES NORTH
XII. THE STRANGE BEHAVIOUR OF MR. NORTH
XIII. MR. NORTH SPEAKS
XIV. GETTING READY FOR SEA
XV. THE DISCOVERY
XVI. FIFTEEN HOURS
XVII. THE REDEMPTION
XVIII. THE CYCLONE
EPILOGUE
APPENDIX
HIS NATURAL LIFE.
PROLOGUE.
On the evening of May 3, 1827, the garden of a large red-brick bow-windowed mansion called North End House, which, enclosed in spacious grounds, stands on the eastern height of Hampstead Heath, between Finchley Road and the Chestnut Avenue, was the scene of a domestic tragedy…
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